وَمَا كَانَ لِنَبِىٍّ أَن يَغُلَّۚ وَمَن يَغۡلُلۡ يَأۡتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَـٰمَةِۚ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ ڪُلُّ نَفۡسٍ۬ مَّا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ
It is not [attributable] to any prophet that he would act unfaithfully [in regard to war booty]. And whoever betrays, [taking unlawfully], will come with what he took on the Day of Resurrection. Then will every soul be [fully] compensated for what it earned, and they will not be wronged.
Allah forbids His believing servants from the disbelievers' false creed, seen in their statement about those who died in battle and during travel; "Had they abandoned these trips, they would not have met their demise.'' Allah said,
(O you who believe! Be not like those who disbelieve (hypocrites) and who say to their brethren), about their dead brethren,
(when they travel through the earth) for the purpose of trading and otherwise,
(or go out to fight), participating in battles,
("If they had stayed with us,'') in our area,
("they would not have died or been killed,'') they would not have died while traveling or been killed in battle. Allah's statement,
(so that Allah may make it a cause of regret in their hearts. ) means, Allah creates this evil thought in their hearts so that their sadness and the grief they feel for their loss would increase. Allah refuted them by saying,
(It is Allah that gives life and causes death.) for the creation is under Allah's power, and the decision is His Alone. No one lives or dies except by Allah's leave, and no one's life is increased or decreased except by His decree.
(And Allah is All-Seer of what you do,) for His knowledge and vision encompasses all His creation and none of their affairs ever escapes Him. Allah's statement,
(And if you are killed or die in the way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass.) (3:157), indicating that death and martyrdom in Allah's cause are a means of earning Allah's mercy, forgiveness and pleasure. This, indeed, is better than remaining in this life with its short lived delights. Furthermore, whoever dies or is killed will return to Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, and He will reward him if he has done good deeds, or will punish him for his evil deeds. Allah said,
(And whether you die or are killed, verily, unto Allah you shall be gathered.) (3:158).
(159. And by the mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pardon them, and ask forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).) (160. If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; and if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you And in Allah (Alone) let believers put their trust.) (161. It is not for any Prophet to illegally take a part of the booty, and whosoever deceives his companions over the booty, he shall bring forth on the Day of Resurrection that which he took. Then every person shall be paid in full what he has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.) (162. Is then one who follows (seeks) the pleasure of Allah like the one who draws on himself the wrath of Allah His abode is Hell, and worse indeed is that destination!) (163. They are in varying grades with Allah, and Allah is All-Seer of what they do.) (164. Indeed, Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting unto them His verses (the Qur'an), and purifying them, and instructing them (in) the Book (the Qur'an) and Al-Hikmah )the wisdom and the Sunnah(, while before that they had been in manifest error.)
أَفَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضۡوَٲنَ ٱللَّهِ كَمَنۢ بَآءَ بِسَخَطٍ۬ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَأۡوَٮٰهُ جَهَنَّمُۚ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ
So is one who pursues the pleasure of Allah like one who brings upon himself the anger of Allah and whose refuge is Hell? And wretched is the destination.
Allah forbids His believing servants from the disbelievers' false creed, seen in their statement about those who died in battle and during travel; "Had they abandoned these trips, they would not have met their demise.'' Allah said,
(O you who believe! Be not like those who disbelieve (hypocrites) and who say to their brethren), about their dead brethren,
(when they travel through the earth) for the purpose of trading and otherwise,
(or go out to fight), participating in battles,
("If they had stayed with us,'') in our area,
("they would not have died or been killed,'') they would not have died while traveling or been killed in battle. Allah's statement,
(so that Allah may make it a cause of regret in their hearts. ) means, Allah creates this evil thought in their hearts so that their sadness and the grief they feel for their loss would increase. Allah refuted them by saying,
(It is Allah that gives life and causes death.) for the creation is under Allah's power, and the decision is His Alone. No one lives or dies except by Allah's leave, and no one's life is increased or decreased except by His decree.
(And Allah is All-Seer of what you do,) for His knowledge and vision encompasses all His creation and none of their affairs ever escapes Him. Allah's statement,
(And if you are killed or die in the way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass.) (3:157), indicating that death and martyrdom in Allah's cause are a means of earning Allah's mercy, forgiveness and pleasure. This, indeed, is better than remaining in this life with its short lived delights. Furthermore, whoever dies or is killed will return to Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, and He will reward him if he has done good deeds, or will punish him for his evil deeds. Allah said,
(And whether you die or are killed, verily, unto Allah you shall be gathered.) (3:158).
(159. And by the mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pardon them, and ask forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).) (160. If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; and if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you And in Allah (Alone) let believers put their trust.) (161. It is not for any Prophet to illegally take a part of the booty, and whosoever deceives his companions over the booty, he shall bring forth on the Day of Resurrection that which he took. Then every person shall be paid in full what he has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.) (162. Is then one who follows (seeks) the pleasure of Allah like the one who draws on himself the wrath of Allah His abode is Hell, and worse indeed is that destination!) (163. They are in varying grades with Allah, and Allah is All-Seer of what they do.) (164. Indeed, Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting unto them His verses (the Qur'an), and purifying them, and instructing them (in) the Book (the Qur'an) and Al-Hikmah )the wisdom and the Sunnah(, while before that they had been in manifest error.)
هُمۡ دَرَجَـٰتٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ بَصِيرُۢ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ
They are [varying] degrees in the sight of Allah, and Allah is Seeing of whatever they do.
Allah forbids His believing servants from the disbelievers' false creed, seen in their statement about those who died in battle and during travel; "Had they abandoned these trips, they would not have met their demise.'' Allah said,
(O you who believe! Be not like those who disbelieve (hypocrites) and who say to their brethren), about their dead brethren,
(when they travel through the earth) for the purpose of trading and otherwise,
(or go out to fight), participating in battles,
("If they had stayed with us,'') in our area,
("they would not have died or been killed,'') they would not have died while traveling or been killed in battle. Allah's statement,
(so that Allah may make it a cause of regret in their hearts. ) means, Allah creates this evil thought in their hearts so that their sadness and the grief they feel for their loss would increase. Allah refuted them by saying,
(It is Allah that gives life and causes death.) for the creation is under Allah's power, and the decision is His Alone. No one lives or dies except by Allah's leave, and no one's life is increased or decreased except by His decree.
(And Allah is All-Seer of what you do,) for His knowledge and vision encompasses all His creation and none of their affairs ever escapes Him. Allah's statement,
(And if you are killed or die in the way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass.) (3:157), indicating that death and martyrdom in Allah's cause are a means of earning Allah's mercy, forgiveness and pleasure. This, indeed, is better than remaining in this life with its short lived delights. Furthermore, whoever dies or is killed will return to Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, and He will reward him if he has done good deeds, or will punish him for his evil deeds. Allah said,
(And whether you die or are killed, verily, unto Allah you shall be gathered.) (3:158).
(159. And by the mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pardon them, and ask forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).) (160. If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; and if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you And in Allah (Alone) let believers put their trust.) (161. It is not for any Prophet to illegally take a part of the booty, and whosoever deceives his companions over the booty, he shall bring forth on the Day of Resurrection that which he took. Then every person shall be paid in full what he has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.) (162. Is then one who follows (seeks) the pleasure of Allah like the one who draws on himself the wrath of Allah His abode is Hell, and worse indeed is that destination!) (163. They are in varying grades with Allah, and Allah is All-Seer of what they do.) (164. Indeed, Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting unto them His verses (the Qur'an), and purifying them, and instructing them (in) the Book (the Qur'an) and Al-Hikmah )the wisdom and the Sunnah(, while before that they had been in manifest error.)
لَقَدۡ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ إِذۡ بَعَثَ فِيہِمۡ رَسُولاً۬ مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ يَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡہِمۡ ءَايَـٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَڪِّيہِمۡ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ وَٱلۡحِڪۡمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلُ لَفِى ضَلَـٰلٍ۬ مُّبِينٍ
Certainly did Allah confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book and wisdom, although they had been before in manifest error.
Allah forbids His believing servants from the disbelievers' false creed, seen in their statement about those who died in battle and during travel; "Had they abandoned these trips, they would not have met their demise.'' Allah said,
(O you who believe! Be not like those who disbelieve (hypocrites) and who say to their brethren), about their dead brethren,
(when they travel through the earth) for the purpose of trading and otherwise,
(or go out to fight), participating in battles,
("If they had stayed with us,'') in our area,
("they would not have died or been killed,'') they would not have died while traveling or been killed in battle. Allah's statement,
(so that Allah may make it a cause of regret in their hearts. ) means, Allah creates this evil thought in their hearts so that their sadness and the grief they feel for their loss would increase. Allah refuted them by saying,
(It is Allah that gives life and causes death.) for the creation is under Allah's power, and the decision is His Alone. No one lives or dies except by Allah's leave, and no one's life is increased or decreased except by His decree.
(And Allah is All-Seer of what you do,) for His knowledge and vision encompasses all His creation and none of their affairs ever escapes Him. Allah's statement,
(And if you are killed or die in the way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass.) (3:157), indicating that death and martyrdom in Allah's cause are a means of earning Allah's mercy, forgiveness and pleasure. This, indeed, is better than remaining in this life with its short lived delights. Furthermore, whoever dies or is killed will return to Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, and He will reward him if he has done good deeds, or will punish him for his evil deeds. Allah said,
(And whether you die or are killed, verily, unto Allah you shall be gathered.) (3:158).
(159. And by the mercy of Allah, you dealt with them gently. And had you been severe and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from about you; so pardon them, and ask forgiveness for them; and consult them in the affairs. Then when you have taken a decision, put your trust in Allah, certainly, Allah loves those who put their trust (in Him).) (160. If Allah helps you, none can overcome you; and if He forsakes you, who is there after Him that can help you And in Allah (Alone) let believers put their trust.) (161. It is not for any Prophet to illegally take a part of the booty, and whosoever deceives his companions over the booty, he shall bring forth on the Day of Resurrection that which he took. Then every person shall be paid in full what he has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.) (162. Is then one who follows (seeks) the pleasure of Allah like the one who draws on himself the wrath of Allah His abode is Hell, and worse indeed is that destination!) (163. They are in varying grades with Allah, and Allah is All-Seer of what they do.) (164. Indeed, Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves, reciting unto them His verses (the Qur'an), and purifying them, and instructing them (in) the Book (the Qur'an) and Al-Hikmah )the wisdom and the Sunnah(, while before that they had been in manifest error.)
أَوَلَمَّآ أَصَـٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٌ۬ قَدۡ أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡہَا قُلۡتُمۡ أَنَّىٰ هَـٰذَاۖ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدِيرٌ۬
Why [is it that] when a [single] disaster struck you [on the day of Uhud], although you had struck [the enemy in the battle of Badr] with one twice as great, you said, "From where is this?" Say, “It is from yourselves." Indeed, Allah is over all things competent.
Allah the Most High said:
(Indeed Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves,)
Meaning, from their own kind, so that it is possible for them to speak with him, ask him questions, associate with him, and benefit from him. Just as Allah said:
(And among His signs is that he created for them mates, that they may find rest in.)
Meaning; of their own kind. And Allah said;
(Say: "I am only a man like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is One God'') (18:110).
(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20)
(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109), and,
(O you assembly of Jinn and mankind! "Did not there come to you Messengers from among you...'') (6:130).
Allah's favor is perfected when His Messenger to the people is from their own kind, so that they are able to talk to him and inquire about the meanings of Allah's Word. This is why Allah said,
(reciting unto them His verses) (3:164), the Qur'an,
(and purifying them), commanding them to do righteous works and forbidding them from committing evil. This is how their hearts will be purified and cleansed of the sin and evil that used to fill them when they were disbelievers and ignorant.
(and instructing them (in) the Book and the Hikmah,) the Qur'an and the Sunnah,
(while before that they had been), before sending this Prophet, Muhammad ,
(in manifest error. ) indulging in plain and unequivocal error and ignorance that are clear to everyone.
(165. (What is the matter with you) When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves.'' And Allah has power over all things.) (166. And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah, in order that He might test the believers). (167. And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'' They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.) (168. (They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'' Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'')
وَمَآ أَصَـٰبَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
And what struck you on the day the two armies met was by permission of Allah that He might make evident the [true] believers.
Allah the Most High said:
(Indeed Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves,)
Meaning, from their own kind, so that it is possible for them to speak with him, ask him questions, associate with him, and benefit from him. Just as Allah said:
(And among His signs is that he created for them mates, that they may find rest in.)
Meaning; of their own kind. And Allah said;
(Say: "I am only a man like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is One God'') (18:110).
(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20)
(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109), and,
(O you assembly of Jinn and mankind! "Did not there come to you Messengers from among you...'') (6:130).
Allah's favor is perfected when His Messenger to the people is from their own kind, so that they are able to talk to him and inquire about the meanings of Allah's Word. This is why Allah said,
(reciting unto them His verses) (3:164), the Qur'an,
(and purifying them), commanding them to do righteous works and forbidding them from committing evil. This is how their hearts will be purified and cleansed of the sin and evil that used to fill them when they were disbelievers and ignorant.
(and instructing them (in) the Book and the Hikmah,) the Qur'an and the Sunnah,
(while before that they had been), before sending this Prophet, Muhammad ,
(in manifest error. ) indulging in plain and unequivocal error and ignorance that are clear to everyone.
(165. (What is the matter with you) When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves.'' And Allah has power over all things.) (166. And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah, in order that He might test the believers). (167. And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'' They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.) (168. (They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'' Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'')
وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْۚ وَقِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ قَـٰتِلُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوِ ٱدۡفَعُواْۖ قَالُواْ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالاً۬ لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَـٰكُمۡۗ هُمۡ لِلۡڪُفۡرِ يَوۡمَٮِٕذٍ أَقۡرَبُ مِنۡہُمۡ لِلۡإِيمَـٰنِۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَٲهِهِم مَّا لَيۡسَ فِى قُلُوبِہِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَكۡتُمُونَ
And that He might make evident those who are hypocrites. For it was said to them, "Come, fight in the way of Allah or [at least] defend." They said, “If we had known [there would be] fighting, we would have followed you." They were nearer to disbelief that day than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah is most Knowing of what they conceal –
Allah the Most High said:
(Indeed Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves,)
Meaning, from their own kind, so that it is possible for them to speak with him, ask him questions, associate with him, and benefit from him. Just as Allah said:
(And among His signs is that he created for them mates, that they may find rest in.)
Meaning; of their own kind. And Allah said;
(Say: "I am only a man like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is One God'') (18:110).
(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20)
(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109), and,
(O you assembly of Jinn and mankind! "Did not there come to you Messengers from among you...'') (6:130).
Allah's favor is perfected when His Messenger to the people is from their own kind, so that they are able to talk to him and inquire about the meanings of Allah's Word. This is why Allah said,
(reciting unto them His verses) (3:164), the Qur'an,
(and purifying them), commanding them to do righteous works and forbidding them from committing evil. This is how their hearts will be purified and cleansed of the sin and evil that used to fill them when they were disbelievers and ignorant.
(and instructing them (in) the Book and the Hikmah,) the Qur'an and the Sunnah,
(while before that they had been), before sending this Prophet, Muhammad ,
(in manifest error. ) indulging in plain and unequivocal error and ignorance that are clear to everyone.
(165. (What is the matter with you) When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves.'' And Allah has power over all things.) (166. And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah, in order that He might test the believers). (167. And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'' They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.) (168. (They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'' Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'')
ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٲنِہِمۡ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُواْۗ قُلۡ فَٱدۡرَءُواْ عَنۡ أَنفُسِڪُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَـٰدِقِينَ
Those who said about their brothers while sitting [at home], "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed." Say, "Then prevent death from yourselves, if you should be truthful."
Allah the Most High said:
(Indeed Allah conferred a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from among themselves,)
Meaning, from their own kind, so that it is possible for them to speak with him, ask him questions, associate with him, and benefit from him. Just as Allah said:
(And among His signs is that he created for them mates, that they may find rest in.)
Meaning; of their own kind. And Allah said;
(Say: "I am only a man like you. It has been revealed to me that your God is One God'') (18:110).
(And We never sent before you any of the Messengers but verily, they ate food and walked in the markets) (25:20)
(And We sent not before you any but men unto whom We revealed, from among the people of townships) (12:109), and,
(O you assembly of Jinn and mankind! "Did not there come to you Messengers from among you...'') (6:130).
Allah's favor is perfected when His Messenger to the people is from their own kind, so that they are able to talk to him and inquire about the meanings of Allah's Word. This is why Allah said,
(reciting unto them His verses) (3:164), the Qur'an,
(and purifying them), commanding them to do righteous works and forbidding them from committing evil. This is how their hearts will be purified and cleansed of the sin and evil that used to fill them when they were disbelievers and ignorant.
(and instructing them (in) the Book and the Hikmah,) the Qur'an and the Sunnah,
(while before that they had been), before sending this Prophet, Muhammad ,
(in manifest error. ) indulging in plain and unequivocal error and ignorance that are clear to everyone.
(165. (What is the matter with you) When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves.'' And Allah has power over all things.) (166. And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah, in order that He might test the believers). (167. And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'' They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.) (168. (They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'' Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'')
وَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَمۡوَٲتَۢاۚ بَلۡ أَحۡيَآءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يُرۡزَقُونَ
And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allah as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision,
Allah said,
(When a single disaster smites you), in reference to when the Muslims suffered seventy fatalities during the battle of Uhud,
(although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great,) during Badr, when the Muslims killed seventy Mushriks and captured seventy others,
(you say: "From where does this come to us'') why did this defeat happen to us
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "When Uhud occurred, a year after Badr, Muslims were punished for taking ransom from the disbelievers at Badr )in return for releasing the Mushriks whom they captured in that battle(. Thus, they suffered the loss of seventy fatalities and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah gave flight and abandoned him. The Messenger suffered a broken tooth, the helmet was smashed on his head and blood flowed onto his face. Allah then revealed,
(When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves''.), because you took the ransom.'' Furthermore, Muhammad bin Ishaq, Ibn Jurayj, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and As-Suddi said that the Ayah,
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') means, because you, the archers, disobeyed the Messenger's command to not abandon your positions.
(And Allah has power over all things.) and He does what He wills and decides what He wills, and there is none who can resist His decision.
Allah then said,
(And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah), for when you ran away from your enemy, who killed many of you and injured many others, all this occurred by Allah's will and decree out of His perfect wisdom,
(in order that He might test the believers.) who were patient, firm and were not shaken,
(And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') (3:167),
This refers to the Companions of `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul who went back (to Al-Madinah) with him before the battle. Some believers followed them and encouraged them to come back and fight, saying,
(or defend), so that the number of Muslims increases, as Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Ad-Dahhak, Abu Salih, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi stated. Al-Hasan bin Salih said that this part of the Ayah means, help by supplicating for us, while others said it means, man the posts. However, they refused, saying,
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') meaning, according to Mujahid, if we knew that you would fight today, we would join you, but we think you will not fight. Allah said,
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
This Ayah indicates that a person passes through various stages, sometimes being closer to Kufr and sometimes closer to faith, as evident by,
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
Allah then said,
(saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts.) for they utter what they do not truly believe in, such as,
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'')
They knew that there was an army of idolaters that came from a far land raging against the Muslims, to avenge their noble men whom the Muslims killed in Badr. These idolaters came in larger numbers than the Muslims, so it was clear that a battle will certainly occur. Allah said;
(And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.)
((They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'') had they listened to our advice and not gone out, they would not have met their demise. Allah said,
(Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'') meaning, if staying at home saves one from being killed or from death, then you should not die. However death will come to you even if you were hiding in fortified castles. Therefore, fend death off of yourselves, if you are right.
Mujahid said that Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "This Ayah (3:168) was revealed about `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul (the chief hypocrite).''
(169. Think not of those as dead who are killed in the way of Allah. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision.) (170. They rejoice in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty and rejoice for the sake of those who have not yet joined them, but are left behind (not yet martyred) that on them no fear shall come, nor shall they grieve.) (171. They rejoice in a grace and a bounty from Allah, and that Allah will not waste the reward of the believers.) (172. Those who answered (the Call of) Allah and the Messenger after being wounded; for those of them who did good deeds and feared Allah, there is a great reward.) (173. Those to whom the people said, "Verily, the people have gathered against you, therefore, fear them.'' But it (only) increased them in faith, and they said: "Allah is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs.'') (174. So they returned with grace and bounty from Allah. No harm touched them; and they followed the pleasure of Allah. And Allah is the Owner of great bounty.) (175. It is only Shaytan that suggests to you the fear of his friends; so fear them not, but fear Me, if you are indeed believers.)
فَرِحِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَٮٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَلۡحَقُواْ بِہِم مِّنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡہِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
Rejoicing in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty, and they receive good tidings about those [to be martyred] after them who have not yet joined them – that there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
Allah said,
(When a single disaster smites you), in reference to when the Muslims suffered seventy fatalities during the battle of Uhud,
(although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great,) during Badr, when the Muslims killed seventy Mushriks and captured seventy others,
(you say: "From where does this come to us'') why did this defeat happen to us
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, "When Uhud occurred, a year after Badr, Muslims were punished for taking ransom from the disbelievers at Badr )in return for releasing the Mushriks whom they captured in that battle(. Thus, they suffered the loss of seventy fatalities and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah gave flight and abandoned him. The Messenger suffered a broken tooth, the helmet was smashed on his head and blood flowed onto his face. Allah then revealed,
(When a single disaster smites you, although you smote (your enemies) with one twice as great, you say: "From where does this come to us'' Say, "It is from yourselves''.), because you took the ransom.'' Furthermore, Muhammad bin Ishaq, Ibn Jurayj, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and As-Suddi said that the Ayah,
(Say, "It is from yourselves.'') means, because you, the archers, disobeyed the Messenger's command to not abandon your positions.
(And Allah has power over all things.) and He does what He wills and decides what He wills, and there is none who can resist His decision.
Allah then said,
(And what you suffered on the day the two armies met, was by the leave of Allah), for when you ran away from your enemy, who killed many of you and injured many others, all this occurred by Allah's will and decree out of His perfect wisdom,
(in order that He might test the believers.) who were patient, firm and were not shaken,
(And that He might test the hypocrites, it was said to them: "Come, fight in the way of Allah or defend yourselves.'' They said: "Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') (3:167),
This refers to the Companions of `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul who went back (to Al-Madinah) with him before the battle. Some believers followed them and encouraged them to come back and fight, saying,
(or defend), so that the number of Muslims increases, as Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Ad-Dahhak, Abu Salih, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi stated. Al-Hasan bin Salih said that this part of the Ayah means, help by supplicating for us, while others said it means, man the posts. However, they refused, saying,
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'') meaning, according to Mujahid, if we knew that you would fight today, we would join you, but we think you will not fight. Allah said,
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
This Ayah indicates that a person passes through various stages, sometimes being closer to Kufr and sometimes closer to faith, as evident by,
(They were that day, nearer to disbelief than to faith,)
Allah then said,
(saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts.) for they utter what they do not truly believe in, such as,
("Had we known that fighting will take place, we would certainly have followed you.'')
They knew that there was an army of idolaters that came from a far land raging against the Muslims, to avenge their noble men whom the Muslims killed in Badr. These idolaters came in larger numbers than the Muslims, so it was clear that a battle will certainly occur. Allah said;
(And Allah has full knowledge of what they conceal.)
((They are) the ones who said about their killed brethren while they themselves sat (at home): "If only they had listened to us, they would not have been killed.'') had they listened to our advice and not gone out, they would not have met their demise. Allah said,
(Say: "Avert death from your own selves, if you speak the truth.'') meaning, if staying at home saves one from being killed or from death, then you should not die. However death will come to you even if you were hiding in fortified castles. Therefore, fend death off of yourselves, if you are right.
Mujahid said that Jabir bin `Abdullah said, "This Ayah (3:168) was revealed about `Abdullah bin Ubayy bin Salul (the chief hypocrite).''
(169. Think not of those as dead who are killed in the way of Allah. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision.) (170. They rejoice in what Allah has bestowed upon them of His bounty and rejoice for the sake of those who have not yet joined them, but are left behind (not yet martyred) that on them no fear shall come, nor shall they grieve.) (171. They rejoice in a grace and a bounty from Allah, and that Allah will not waste the reward of the believers.) (172. Those who answered (the Call of) Allah and the Messenger after being wounded; for those of them who did good deeds and feared Allah, there is a great reward.) (173. Those to whom the people said, "Verily, the people have gathered against you, therefore, fear them.'' But it (only) increased them in faith, and they said: "Allah is Sufficient for us, and He is the Best Disposer of affairs.'') (174. So they returned with grace and bounty from Allah. No harm touched them; and they followed the pleasure of Allah. And Allah is the Owner of great bounty.) (175. It is only Shaytan that suggests to you the fear of his friends; so fear them not, but fear Me, if you are indeed believers.)